Amendment X

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Read it in contextAmendment.10.170 Congress · 12 cases

Debates in Congress

quoted bySuggested
House, August 18, 1789, ¶ 29
The 9th proposition, in the words following, was considered, "The powers not delegated by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively."
The paragraph gives the words of a proposal under debate; the words quoted appear unchanged in the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, August 21, 1789, ¶ 5
Gerry proposed to amend by inserting the word " expressly," so as to read ^^ the powers not expressly v delefited by the constitution, nor prohibited to the tates, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." As he thought this an amendment of great importance, he requested the yeas and nays might betaken.
The paragraph gives the words of a proposal under debate; the words quoted appear unchanged in the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, August 21, 1789, ¶ 8
Sherman moved to alter the last clause, so as to make it read, “the powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
The paragraph gives the words of a proposal under debate; the words quoted appear unchanged in the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, June 8, 1789, ¶ 48
The powers not delegated by this constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively.
The paragraph gives the words of Mr. Madison's proposals, and its words "constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively" appear in the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, June 14, 1864 (2), ¶ 3
…by the express terms of the instrument, and each retaining every attribute and power not thus granted, and that this might not rest on implication only, however clear and strong, it was so expressly declared by one of the amendments to the Constitution, insisted upon by some of the States at the time of its adoption, and forthwith assented to by the others.
The paragraph says that each State's retaining every power not granted was "expressly declared by one of the amendments to the Constitution"; only the Tenth Amendment fits.
cited bySuggested
House, June 14, 1864 (2), ¶ 5
Or bad it been proposed to add to the amendment declaring the powers not granted to the United States to be reserved to the States, a proviso that this should not interfere with the right of "the General Government to absorb any of those powers by future amendments, can it be believed that it…
The paragraph names "the amendment declaring the powers not granted to the United States to be reserved to the States", which is the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, June 14, 1864 (2), ¶ 7
1 find that the amendment affirming the reserved rights of the States was adopted unanimously by the States which voted on it, and that in Massachusetts it was proposed by John Hancock, president of the State convention, warmly approved by Samuel Adams,…
The paragraph names "the amendment declaratory of their reserved rights" and "the amendment affirming the reserved rights of the States", which is the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, June 14, 1864 (2), ¶ 21
Articles nine and ten of the Amendments to the Constitution are conclusive on this point.
The paragraph names "Articles nine and ten of the Amendments to the Constitution" and "article ten of the Amendments".
cited bySuggested
House, June 14, 1864 (2), ¶ 45
5 er.- xando Wood] has' had the hardihood to piomul e to this nation that the ninth and tenth aiticles of the Amendments to the. Constitution do away and make a nullity of the article to which 1 have directed attention and quoted.
The paragraph names "the ninth and tenth articles of the Amendments to the Constitution" ("aiticles" is an OCR misreading).
cited bySuggested
House, June 15, 1864, ¶ 159
…confederation of July 9 1778 each State retained its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right notexpressly delegated to the United States; and if not in similarlanguage, the Federal Constitution in its tenth amendment contains, in spirit and substance, the same reservation of rights to the States or their people.
The paragraph names "the Federal Constitution in its tenth amendment".
quoted bySuggested
House, June 15, 1864, ¶ 331
All powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
The paragraph quotes the amendment the First Congress proposed, given in the paragraph before as "the amendment to the Constitution"; the words are those of the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, May 31, 1864 (3), ¶ 15
While on the contrary, by an express provision of the Constitution, they are with jealous care especially reserved to the States, whose independence in that respect was not impaired in the least degree by the terms of the original Union.
The paragraph says that "by an express provision of the Constitution" these powers are "reserved to the States"; only the Tenth Amendment fits.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 10, 1865, ¶ 153
…existence of the power; and while I say that I indorse the wisdom of that provision of the Constitution which declares that all power not delegated to die United States, nor prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people.
The paragraph quotes "that provision of the Constitution which declares that all power not delegated to the United States, nor prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people", words of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 11, 1865 (2), ¶ 33
The whole theory of the Government is that the States alone control their domestic affairs; no power of local domestic government is delegated to Congress:" the powers not delegated are reserved to the States or to the people." If in the judgment of our fathers African slavery had been inconsistent with a republican form of government, it could have been abolished -under the power to "guaranty to…
The paragraph quotes "the powers not delegated are reserved to the States or to the people", a shortened form of the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, January 28, 1865, ¶ 36
I turn to them and find certain rights are reserved— articles nine and ten are the ones they refer to.
The paragraph names articles nine and ten of the amendments.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1865, ¶ 37
Article nine provides that "the enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people;" and article ten provides that" the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." Here is where they find ground for their argument.
The paragraph quotes "article ten" of the amendments.
cited bySuggested
House, January 28, 1865, ¶ 39
And will it be pretended that there is not the same power, and by precisely the same process, to remove from the Constitution articles nine and ten?
The paragraph names "articles nine and ten" of the Constitution's amendments.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1865, ¶ 58
"The powers not delegated to the United State* by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are lcsei ved lo the State* respectively, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes the amendment which, the paragraph before says, the people insisted on, "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people" (parts misread by OCR); the words are those of the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, January 7, 1865, ¶ 32
…party, untilJately, always claimed and held that this institution of slavery was peculiarly under the province of the individual States, and that when the States entered into this confederated Government the powers that they did not delegate to that Government were expressly reserved to the States; that no power not delegated to the General Government could by the force of any amendment to the Constitution be taken away from the States, because they had only…
The paragraph says "the powers that they did not delegate to that Government were expressly reserved to the States"; only the Tenth Amendment fits.
cited bySuggested
House, January 7, 1865, ¶ 36
On the contrary, did they not, by the very language of the Constitution, reserve all powers not delegated to the General Government?
The paragraph asks whether the States did not, "by the very language of the Constitution, reserve all powers not delegated to the General Government"; only the Tenth Amendment fits.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 7, 1865, ¶ 68
…exclusive control of those subjects, and because it was provided in another part of that instrument that "the powers not delegated to the United States, nor prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people." Thus was exhibited the object of the framers of the Constitution; that they intended to guard State lines; that they were not willing that their children, to whom this…
The paragraph quotes, as "provided in another part of that instrument", "the powers not delegated to the United States, nor prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people", words of the Tenth Amendment (it leaves out "by the Constitution" and "by it").
quoted bySuggested
House, January 9, 1865 (2), ¶ 20
This Government is one of delegated powers, and those not conferred are reserved to the States respectively or to the people.
The paragraph says the Government is one of delegated powers "and those not conferred are reserved to the States respectively or to the people", ending in the words of the Tenth Amendment without naming it.
cited bySuggested
House, January 9, 1865 (2), ¶ 92
The Constitution declares that the powers not vested in this Government are reserved to the States and to the people.
The paragraph says "the Constitution declares that the powers not vested in this Government are reserved to the States and to the people"; only the Tenth Amendment fits.
cited bySuggested
House, May 8, 1866 (3), ¶ 101
If any further answer were needed, it would be found in the ninth and tenth articles of the same instrument:
The paragraph cites "the ninth and tenth articles" of the Constitution's amendments, the second of which it quotes two paragraphs on.
quoted bySuggested
House, May 8, 1866 (3), ¶ 103
"Art. 10. The powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment under the heading "Art. 10", omitting the words "by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States".
cited bySuggested
House, January 23, 1869, ¶ 68
And if so, X ask the gentleman how he construes the tenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which, I believe, was suggested by his own State of Massachusetts?
The speaker names "the tenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States", which he reads in the next paragraph.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 23, 1869, ¶ 69
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people."
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment in full, introduced in the previous paragraph as "the tenth amendment to the Constitution".
cited bySuggested
House, January 23, 1869, ¶ 77
…in the States by the fourth section of the first article, and there is a power in the same section granted to the, General Government concerningthe matter of elections, and the tenth amendment to the Constitution, to which the gentleman refers, doesnot touch this case at all.
The paragraph names "the tenth amendment to the Constitution", which the previous speaker had read.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 27, 1869 (3), ¶ 46
"Thai the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people —TevJ lt Amendment of Constitution.
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment in full and cites it as the "Tenth Amendment of Constitution" ("TevJ lt" is an OCR form).
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 18
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people."
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment in full, in quotation marks.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 25
'The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States- respectively or to the people.'
The paragraph, part of a quotation from Mr. Bingham's speech of 1866, quotes the Tenth Amendment in full as "the very text of the Constitution itself".
cited bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 186
…be there by virtue of an express grant on the one hand or a clear prohibition of such power in the States by the Consti ution on the other, for by the tenth article of amendment it is asserted that—
The paragraph cites "the tenth article of amendment", which the next paragraph quotes.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 187
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people."
The paragraph quotes in full the amendment introduced in the previous paragraph as "the tenth article of amendment".
cited bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 199
…if there be any validity in the view of those who hold that the General Government is one of delegated and enumerated powers; and if there be any vitality in the tenth article of amendment, which declares that—
The paragraph cites "the tenth article of amendment", which the next paragraph quotes.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 28, 1869 (3), ¶ 200
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." Before Congress can.
The paragraph quotes in full, in quotation marks, the amendment introduced in the previous paragraph as "the tenth article of amendment".
cited bySuggested
House, January 29, 1869, ¶ 42
…that the power to regulate suffrage within the States was delegated by the Constitution to the United States or prohibited by it to the States; if not, how he construed the tenth article of the amendments to the Constitution, which reads as follows:
The paragraph cites "the tenth article of the amendments to the Constitution", which the next paragraph quotes.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 29, 1869, ¶ 43
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people?"
The paragraph quotes in full, in quotation marks, the amendment introduced in the previous paragraph as "the tenth article of the amendments".
cited bySuggested
House, January 29, 1869, ¶ 44
The gentleman made no satisfactory reply, but said that the tenth article had nothing to do with the question.
The paragraph refers again to "the tenth article" of the amendments, quoted in the previous paragraph.
quoted bySuggested
House, January 29, 1869, ¶ 162
"The powers not delegated to thoTJnitedStates by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people."
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment in full, in quotation marks, as what "the Constitution itself in express terms provides" ("thoTJnitedStates" is an OCR form).
cited bySuggested
House, January 29, 1869, ¶ 165
The Constitution itself provides that powers not expressly granted are reserved to the States and the people, and that is au answer to all the gentleman has said.
The paragraph says "the Constitution itself provides that powers not expressly granted are reserved to the States and the people", the provision of the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, June 21, 1911, ¶ 443
The people of the States so says the Constitution in Article X, are the source of all power.
The speaker names "Article X" of the Constitution, the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, June 21, 1911, ¶ 485
…want the strong arm of the Federal Government made stronger, so that it will make us do right; the Declaration of Independence is a lie; local self-government is a failure; Article IX and Article X should never have been placed in our Constitution; government by the people is a failure; we want all power vested in Congressmen and Senators; they are wiser than we; we know not what we need; we are…
The speaker names "Article X" of the Constitution, the Tenth Amendment, in a list of what the people would have to say to ratify the Bristow amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 342
…they have been universally denominated as the "Bill of Rights." So jealous were our fa-thers that some of the reserved and essential rights of the States might l>e impaired that in the tenth amendment it was provided that- · the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution. nor prohibited by it to the States, are re erved to the States respectiv e ly, or to the people.
The speaker names "the tenth amendment" and quotes it.
cited bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 419
defeat in the Constitutional Convention, but immediately renewed their assaults on the integrity of the States, and the tenth amendment was intended to fix beyond doubt the relation of · the States to the Federal Government.
The speaker names "the tenth amendment" and quotes it in the next paragraph.
quoted bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 420
The powers not deleg-ated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by It to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 518
A proposition so radical and re-volutionary as this, which propo es to repudiate the principle of home rule and local self-governmeRt, to invade and violate the reserved rights of the States under the tenth amendment, to deprive them of a material source of their present income, and to take from them and confer upon the Federal Government the police power over what has always…
The speaker names "the reserved rights of the States under the tenth amendment".
cited bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 522
Article 10, amendment ' to the Constitution, provides-
The speaker names "Article 10, amendment to the Constitution" and quotes it in the next paragraph.
quoted bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 523
The powers not del ega ted to the United Sta-tes by this Constitution nor prohibited .by it to the States are reserved to the States, · respectively, or to the people. ·
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment ("this Constitution" for "the Constitution").
cited bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 524
This proposed joint resolution i a bald, naked, and palpable repudiation of the letter and spirit of the tenth amendment to the Federal Constitution, the adoption of which was neces ary to secure its ratification by the requisite number of States.
The speaker names "the tenth amendment to the Federal Constitution".
quoted bySuggested
House, December 17, 1917, ¶ 577
The powers not delegated to the United States . by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively-
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
House, May 21, 1919, ¶ 186
Every schoolboy knows that all · the powers not delegated to the United States by . the Constitution nor prohibited by it to . the States are reserved to the States, respectively, o · r to the people.
The speaker gives the words of the Tenth Amendment, as what "Every schoolboy knows".
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 31, 1864, ¶ 32
…framers of that instrument show in it the object which they had in forming it, because they delegate the powers which the Federal Government should have, and then declare that the powers not therein delegated, and not prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people.
The paragraph says the framers "declare that the powers not therein delegated, and not prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people", ending in the words of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, February 8, 1869, ¶ 27
Then, when we look to the tenth article of the amendment we find that it declares that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people 1
The paragraph cites "the tenth article of the amendment" and gives its words in full.
cited bySuggested
Senate, June 4, 1919, ¶ 112
That it is so is most obvious by reference to the general proposition that powers not expressly or by necessary implication delegated · to the Federal Government are reserved to the States, or to the people.
The speaker restates "the general proposition" of the Tenth Amendment, that powers not delegated "are reserved to the States, or to the people".
quoted bySuggested
Senate, February 2, 1960, ¶ 58
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitut i on, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the St at es respect ivel y, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes the Tenth Amendment, introduced in the preceding paragraph as what "the Constitution provides in amendment"; this run of words, the least broken by OCR, is the amendment's own.
cited bySuggested
Senate, January 28, 1960 (4), ¶ 354
I am also grateful, as every southerner is, for his wonderful leadership during recent years in our fight to preserve the rights of the States, as guaranteed in the Constitution by the lOth amendment.
The paragraph names the 10th amendment by number ("lOth" in the OCR).
cited bySuggested
Senate, January 29, 1960 (3), ¶ 477
They said, "In addition to that assurance, will you put into the Constitution this amendment: That all powers not delegated to the Federal Government nor prohibited to the States shall be reserved to the States or to the people thereof?"
The paragraph gives, as the amendment asked for in ratifying the Constitution, words close to those of the Tenth Amendment, which it names as such in the next paragraph.
cited bySuggested
Senate, January 29, 1960 (3), ¶ 478
the qualifications of the electors, that they wanted the lOth · amendment to provide that that right shall never be changed.
The paragraph names the 10th amendment by number ("lOth" in the OCR).
cited bySuggested
Senate, January 29, 1960 (4), ¶ 45
We will have insured for ourselves autocratic government just as surely and as effectively as if we repealed outright and forthwith article I, section 2, and the lOth amendment to the Constitution albeit we will have seen it come a little more slowly.
The paragraph names the 10th amendment by number ("lOth" in the OCR).
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 19, 1962, ¶ 124
Th'e powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 19, 1962, ¶ 126
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
cited bySuggested
Senate, March 19, 1962, ¶ 123
Then, as he says, affairs will be in the hands of Another provision which has a bearing on this question is amendment 10 to the Constitution.
The paragraph cites amendment 10 to the Constitution by number.
cited bySuggested
Senate, March 19, 1962, ¶ 125
We might be inclined to lean over the line a little; but amendment 10 calls us back:
The paragraph cites amendment 10 by number.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 19, 1962 (2), ¶ 60
The powers not delegated to the United UnJUS States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 21, 1962 (2), ¶ 57
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States , respectively, or to the people .
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 22, 1962, ¶ 29
department or officer thereof." Article X, of the amendments to the Constitution, declares that "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to · the States, are reserved to the States respectively or to the people."
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 22, 1962 (3), ¶ 34
…thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, ex -cept as to the places of choosing Senators.' "The lOth amendment provides that 'The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it t~ the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people’.”
The paragraph quotes words of Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 23, 1962 (4), ¶ 147
ated to the United States by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the States." The right .
The paragraph quotes words of Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 24, 1962, ¶ 405
The power.s not delegated to the United . states by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it • to · the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or .to the people .
The paragraph quotes Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.
quoted bySuggested
Senate, March 24, 1962 (2), ¶ 438
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by 1t to the States are reserved to the States respectively or to the people.
The paragraph quotes words of Section 1 of the Tenth Amendment.

The Supreme Court

Cases whose essays in the Constitution Annotated cite them under this clause, oldest first. Each link names the pages it comes from.

interpreted bySuggested
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)17 U.S. 316, decided March 18, 1819
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 3 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.3, Amdt10.3.1, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, pp. 1971, 1974, 1979.
interpreted bySuggestedOverruled
Collector v. Day (1871)78 U.S. 113, decided April 18, 1871
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 2 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.3, Amdt10.3.1, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, pp. 1974, 1979.
interpreted bySuggestedOverruled
Hammer v. Dagenhart (1918)247 U.S. 251, decided June 3, 1918
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 2 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.3.2, pp. 1971, 1975.
interpreted bySuggested
Graves v. New York ex rel. O’Keefe (1939)306 U.S. 466, decided March 27, 1939
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 2 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.3, Amdt10.3.1, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, pp. 1974, 1979.
interpreted bySuggested
United States v. Darby (1941)312 U.S. 100, decided February 3, 1941
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 8 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.2, Amdt10.3, Amdt10.3.1, Amdt10.3.2, Amdt10.3.3, Amdt10.3.4, Amdt10.4.4, pp. 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1986.
interpreted bySuggestedOverruled
National League of Cities v. Usery (1976)426 U.S. 833, decided June 24, 1976
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 4 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.2, Amdt10.3.4, Amdt10.4.2, pp. 1972, 1977, 1978, 1981.
interpreted bySuggested
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority (1985)469 U.S. 528, decided February 19, 1985
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 6 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.2, Amdt10.3.4, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, Amdt10.4.2, pp. 1972, 1973, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980.
interpreted bySuggested
South Carolina v. Baker (1988)485 U.S. 505, decided April 20, 1988
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 3 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, Amdt10.4.2, pp. 1979, 1980, 1981.
interpreted bySuggested
New York v. United States (1992)505 U.S. 144, decided June 19, 1992
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 7 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.2, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, Amdt10.4.2, pp. 1971, 1972, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983.
interpreted bySuggested
Printz v. United States (1997)521 U.S. 898, decided June 27, 1997
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 5 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.2, Amdt10.3.5, Amdt10.4, Amdt10.4.1, Amdt10.4.2, pp. 1972, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983.
interpreted bySuggested
United States v. Morrison (2000)529 U.S. 598, decided May 15, 2000
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 2 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.1, Amdt10.4.4, pp. 1971, 1986.
interpreted bySuggested
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (2012)567 U.S. 519, decided June 28, 2012
The Constitution Annotated's essays on this provision cite the case on 4 pages.
Source: Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation (2022 ed.), essays Amdt10.3.4, Amdt10.4.2, Amdt10.4.4, pp. 1978, 1982, 1986, 1987.

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