June 12, 1911
Number
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States, Territories, etc. of in votes con Yeas. Nays.
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vention.
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- vention. Only one scan has this word: “vention.” (main scan)
New Hampshire.................................... 8 .•.••••••• 8 New Jersey ... ······························-······· 24 ....•..... 24 New York.··························-·············- 78 .•••.•••.• 78 North Carolina ...•.....•...•...............•.• _.... . 24 · . . . . . . . . . . 24 Nor t h Dakota....................................... 8 . . . . . . . . . . 8 Ohio................................................ 46 2 44 O k labom.a..... ...•.. ...... .. . .. . . ..... . . ... . ..•..... 14 14 .•...•.... Oregon ...........••••••..•............. ··-·......... 8 . . . .. . ... . 8 Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 13 55 Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 S o u t h Carolina ........................•..•. ' .:.:..... 18 .......... 18 S e u t h Dakota....................................... 8 8 Tennessee........................................... 24 . . . . . ... . . 24 Texas .... ···-·····-····················--··········· 36 .. . ... . ... 36 Utah................................................. 6 2 4 ~fi!~jr.~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M ······-~r ~ Wyoming........................................... 6 . . . . . . . . . . 6 Alaska ............................ ·······-·········· 2 . ......••• 2 Ariz-Ona •...••.••••••••• ·-........................... 2 • • • • • • • ••• 2 Distri ~ .t of Columbia................................ 2 .••• •• • • • • 2 Hawau .........•..•...•..•••.......••.....•..•...••• 2 1 1 New M a xico......................................... 2 .......... 2 Philip p ine Islands.................................. 2 . . . . . . . . . . 2 Porto ]i\ico ....................•..................... ___ 2 _ _ .. _ .. _._ .. _. _.. 2
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- Hampshire.................................... Only one scan has this word: “Hampshire....................................” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- ....•..... Only one scan has this word: “....•.....” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- 78 Only one scan has this word: “78” (main scan)
- 78 Only one scan has this word: “78” (main scan)
- ...•.....•...•...............•.• Only one scan has this word: “...•.....•...•...............•.•” (main scan)
- _.... Only one scan has this word: “_....” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- Dakota....................................... Only one scan has this word: “Dakota.......................................” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- Ohio................................................ Only one scan has this word: “Ohio................................................” (main scan)
- 46 Only one scan has this word: “46” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 44 Only one scan has this word: “44” (main scan)
- labom.a..... Only one scan has this word: “labom.a.....” (main scan)
- ...•.. Only one scan has this word: “...•..” (main scan)
- ...... Only one scan has this word: “......” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- ..... Only one scan has this word: “.....” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- ..•..... Only one scan has this word: “..•.....” (main scan)
- 14 Only one scan has this word: “14” (main scan)
- 14 Only one scan has this word: “14” (main scan)
- .•...•.... Only one scan has this word: “.•...•....” (main scan)
- ...........••••••..•............. Only one scan has this word: “...........••••••..•.............” (main scan)
- ··-·......... Only one scan has this word: “··-·.........” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- 68 Only one scan has this word: “68” (main scan)
- 13 Only one scan has this word: “13” (main scan)
- 55 Only one scan has this word: “55” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- ........................•..•. Only one scan has this word: “........................•..•.” (main scan)
- .:.:..... Only one scan has this word: “.:.:.....” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- .......... Only one scan has this word: “..........” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- Dakota....................................... Only one scan has this word: “Dakota.......................................” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- 8 Only one scan has this word: “8” (main scan)
- Tennessee........................................... Only one scan has this word: “Tennessee...........................................” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- .... Only one scan has this word: “....” (main scan)
- 36 Only one scan has this word: “36” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- ... Only one scan has this word: “...” (main scan)
- 36 Only one scan has this word: “36” (main scan)
- Utah................................................. Only one scan has this word: “Utah.................................................” (main scan)
- 6 Only one scan has this word: “6” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 4 Only one scan has this word: “4” (main scan)
- ~fi!~jr.~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Only one scan has this word: “~fi!~jr.~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::” (main scan)
- ······-~r Only one scan has this word: “······-~r” (main scan)
- ~ Only one scan has this word: “~” (main scan)
- Wyoming........................................... Only one scan has this word: “Wyoming...........................................” (main scan)
- 6 Only one scan has this word: “6” (main scan)
- 6 Only one scan has this word: “6” (main scan)
- ............................ Only one scan has this word: “............................” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- ......••• Only one scan has this word: “......•••” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- •...••.••••••••• Only one scan has this word: “•...••.•••••••••” (main scan)
- ·-........................... Only one scan has this word: “·-...........................” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- Distri Only one scan has this word: “Distri” (main scan)
- ~ Only one scan has this word: “~” (main scan)
- Columbia................................ Only one scan has this word: “Columbia................................” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- Hawau Only one scan has this word: “Hawau” (main scan)
- .........•..•...•..•••.......••.....•..•...••• Only one scan has this word: “.........•..•...•..•••.......••.....•..•...•••” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 1 Only one scan has this word: “1” (main scan)
- 1 Only one scan has this word: “1” (main scan)
- xico......................................... Only one scan has this word: “xico.........................................” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- .......... Only one scan has this word: “..........” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- ine Only one scan has this word: “ine” (main scan)
- Islands.................................. Only one scan has this word: “Islands..................................” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- ]i\ico Only one scan has this word: “]i\ico” (main scan)
- ....................•..................... Only one scan has this word: “....................•.....................” (main scan)
- ___ Only one scan has this word: “___” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
- _ Only one scan has this word: “_” (main scan)
- _ Only one scan has this word: “_” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- _ Only one scan has this word: “_” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- _._ Only one scan has this word: “_._” (main scan)
- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- _. Only one scan has this word: “_.” (main scan)
- _.. Only one scan has this word: “_..” (main scan)
- 2 Only one scan has this word: “2” (main scan)
Totn.l. — ·-.............. 980 114 800
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- Totn.l. Only one scan has this word: “Totn.l.” (main scan)
- ·-.............. The scans read: “|” (microfilm scan), “·-..............” (main scan)
- 980 Only one scan has this word: “980” (main scan)
- 800 The scans read: “8” (microfilm scan), “800” (main scan)
The machine in control of the Republican convention in llke manner voted down the minority report of HENRY ALLEN CooPER, of Wisconsin, in favor of the physical valuations of railways as a basis of controlling the rates. In like manner it voted down the positive · e pledge for the revision of the tariff " by the imposition of such duties only as will equal the difference between the cost of production at home and abroad" and "the admission free of articles controlled by the trusts, subject to the difference in labor cost," and for "a permanent tariff commission.” ( In like manner the machine voted down the progressive antitrust plank with the penalty of imprisonment of those who violate the antitrust law.
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- llke The scans read: “|i!” (microfilm scan), “llke” (main scan)
- voted The scans read: “vote)” (microfilm scan), “voted” (main scan)
In like manner the machine voted down the plank providing for the publicity of campaign contributions and expenditures.
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In like manner the machine voted down the plank opposing ship subsidy. In like manner the machine voted down the regulation of telegraph and telephone rates.
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In like manner the machine voted down the plank regulating injunctions and pledging trials in contempt cases.
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In like manner the machine voted down the plank favoring a department of labor. In like manner the machine voted down the plank favoring protection to employees by a general employers' liability act for injury to the body or loss of life of its employees. (P. 125, Fourteenth Republican National Convention, Chicago, 1908.)
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THE REPUBLICAN MACHINE.
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And, l\!r. President, what is the source of the power of the political machine which controlled the Republican national conyention of 1908? Where do its votes come from?
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- l\!r. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “l\!r.” (main scan)
- conyention The scans read: “vention” (microfilm scan), “conyention” (main scan)
From the Southern States, which give no Republican elector votes, we had the following: : Alabama ------------------ 22 North Carolina_____________ 24 .Arkan s as ------------------ 18 Oklahoma ------------------ 14 Florida ------------------- 10 South Carolina.:._____________ 18 Georgia ------------------- 26 Tennessee__________________ 24
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- 22 Only one scan has this word: “22” (main scan)
- Carolina_____________ Only one scan has this word: “Carolina_____________” (main scan)
- .Arkan Only one scan has this word: “.Arkan” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- 14 Only one scan has this word: “14” (main scan)
- 10 Only one scan has this word: “10” (main scan)
- Carolina.:._____________ The scans read: “coaeliintihr:” (microfilm scan), “Carolina.:._____________” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- 26 Only one scan has this word: “26” (main scan)
- Tennessee__________________ Only one scan has this word: “Tennessee__________________” (main scan)
Loui s iana -----'------------ 18 T e xas --------------------- 36 Kentucky ------------------ 2G Virginia ------------------- 24 Maryland ------------------ 16 Arizona ------------------- 2 22 M~ssissippi --------------- 20 -- 18 Missouri ------------------ 36 TotaL _______________ 334 It requires only 491 votes to make a majority, and of these 14 334 votes came from Southern States, leaving only 157 votes to 6 be obtained outside of the Southern States to control the national convention, and the southern delegates can be and are 3 believed to be controlled by patronage.
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- Loui Only one scan has this word: “Loui” (main scan)
- iana Only one scan has this word: “iana” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- xas The scans read: “tas” (microfilm scan), “xas” (main scan)
- 36 Only one scan has this word: “36” (main scan)
- 2G Only one scan has this word: “2G” (main scan)
- 24 Only one scan has this word: “24” (main scan)
- 16 Only one scan has this word: “16” (main scan)
- 22 Only one scan has this word: “22” (main scan)
- M~ssissippi Only one scan has this word: “M~ssissippi” (main scan)
- 18 Only one scan has this word: “18” (main scan)
- _______________ Only one scan has this word: “_______________” (main scan)
- 334 Only one scan has this word: “334” (main scan)
- 14 Only one scan has this word: “14” (main scan)
- 6 Only one scan has this word: “6” (main scan)
- 3 Only one scan has this word: “3” (main scan)
But even in those States which do give Republican electors! ~ votes, such as Pennsylvania, New York, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, 20 there is a well-recognized system of machine politics that does ~ not in reality give the people of those States an opportunity to elect under any safeguards their own delegates to such con- 15 ventions.
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- ~ Only one scan has this word: “~” (main scan)
- 20 Only one scan has this word: “20” (main scan)
- ~ Only one scan has this word: “~” (main scan)
- 15 Only one scan has this word: “15” (main scan)
Yes, 1\ir. President, the machine voted down all these progressive policies, and the American people are thus - governed by an irresponsible set of machine-made delegates, whose selection and 3~ , subsequent conduct is guided by the special interests secretly, almost oc~ult in operation, but efficient a~d poweL'- 6 ful m results, nominating the President and Vice President, and declaring policies of government the people are compelled to swallow.
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- 1\ir. Only one scan has this word: “1\ir.” (main scan)
- 3~ Only one scan has this word: “3~” (main scan)
- oc~ult The scans read: “occult” (microfilm scan), “oc~ult” (main scan)
- a~d The scans read: “and” (microfilm scan), “a~d” (main scan)
- poweL'- The scans read: “powet-” (microfilm scan), “poweL'-” (main scan)
- 6 Only one scan has this word: “6” (main scan)
Mr. President, where did th . these delegates come from who nominated the President and the Vice President, who determined our national policies by the declarations of the Republican · national platform, who voted down the progressive Republican proposals offered by CooPER'B minority report and sustained the stand-pat policies?
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- Republican The scans read: “Repub-” (microfilm scan), “Republican” (main scan)
- · The scans read: “lican” (microfilm scan), “·” (main scan)
- CooPER'B The scans read: “Cooprrr’s” (microfilm scan), “CooPER'B” (main scan)
Mr. President, they were delegated from State conventions. The State conventions were composed of delegates delegated from county conventions. The county conventions were composed of delegates delegated from precinct and ward caucuses, and the ward caucus was probably called by a petty ward boss on short notice, by obscure advertisement, in some undesirable room, packed with ward heelers, who represented the ward boss and his petty local machine. The ward caucus probably delegated the ward boss and one or two of his henchmen to the county convention and the county convention, composed of such disinterested and upright patriots, such delegated delegates, sent their most vigorous representatives of this order of statecraft the delegates of delegated delegates to the State convention, composed of delegated delegates of delegated delegates of the third degree, where the process of the "survival of the fittest" went on, sending to the national Republican convention a majority of its members composed of picked machine politicians, many of them mercenaries engaged in the governing business for profit, and most of them the political allies of big business. These are the gentlemen who will include in their number every political boss conspicuous in the several States and conspicuous in the big cities. They are "practical " politicians, who know how to "fry the fat" out of corporations. They are the distinguished citizens who make secret deals with big municipal contractors, who contribute substantial sums of money " for the success of the party" and incidentally receive larger sums of money at the · expense of the public out of municipal contracts when the party gets 1n the governing business. They are the distinguished citizens who manipulate State legi81a tures and incidentally stand in with " big business " and receive large campaign funds "for the success of the party" and incidentally control nominations of Presidents and the choosing of Senators and indirectly control the choice of prosecuting attorneys and influence them in their prosecution ( ?) of the trusts. These are the gentlemen who undertake to engineer and nominate judges on the bench, for they are in the governing business and . they like to see the administration of the law in the hands of their friends, whether in the legislative or executive offices or on the bench.
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- 1n The scans read: “in” (microfilm scan), “1n” (main scan)
- legi81a tures The scans read: “legislatures” (microfilm scan), “legi81a tures” (main scan)
What wonder is it that they are opposed to the publicity of campaign contributions and the election of Senators by direct vote? What wonder is it that they oppose physical valuation of railroads, employers' liability acts, and regulations of telegraph and telephone rates, and the control of rates, and the reduction of the tariff, as proposed by CooPER and overwhelmingly voted down by the machin.e?
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The machine thus writes our political policies through the operation of a political party and places its controlling hand upon the officials of this Government who hold office under constitutional forms, but by machine nomination. The machine appoints a committee of 53 men, who are responsible to no constituency, on the committee on resolutions · to write our national policies. . s. Did they truly represent the 17 Republican States who, through their legislatures, demanded the direct election of Senators? Did they fairly represent the people of Pennsylvania, who, through their legislature, demanded this reform, or the people of Indiana, or the people of Michigan, or of Wisconsin, or of Minnesota, or of Iowa, or of Illinois, or of any of the Western States who had declared for the direct election of Senators? BURNHAM, They did not. They did not truly represent the people. They were not elected by the people, but nominated and appointed by ward caucuses, machine-made county and State conventions. They represented a machine, in my opinion, unduly influenced or controlled by the special interests of this country. That is what they really represented in their recorded acts. They did not represent the Republican voters of this country when they voted down the Cooper minority report, and they did represent the special interests.
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For one citizen of the United States, I am tired of machine government of this country. I am weary of seeing corrupt special interests put their hands secretly upon the governing function in towns, in cities, in States, and in the Nation through this system of machine politics, where representative government has very nearly met its destruction. Fortunately, due to the intelligence and patriotism Clf this country, to which we · owe thanks, there has grown up in this country in both parties a wide movement, not partisan, but thoroughly patriotic, having for its purpose to put commercialism out of the governing business in this country, so that when Gov. Johnson, a Republican candidate for governor of California, for example, made his great campaign there he had as his slogan, "The Southern Pacific has got to go out of the governing business in California," and on that issue he won. In other States on like issues one victory after another has been snatched from the commercialized machines.
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- Clf The scans read: “of” (microfilm scan), “Clf” (main scan)
- out The scans read: “cut” (microfilm scan), “out” (main scan)
I call the attention of the Senate to the record of the vote on the · election of Senators by direct vote of the people in the last session of Congress. On the Sutherland amendment retaining Federal control over "the time, place, and manner" of electing Senators there were 50 ayes, 37 nays. On the Borah resolution thus amended by the Sutherland amendment there were 54 yeas and 33 nays. For the Sutherland amendment there were 49 Republicans and 1 Democrat; and of those 49 Republicans 24 of them were against the election of Senators on any basis, showing that 24 Senators who desired to defeat the reform supported the Sutherland amendment, which is the same as the Bristow amendment, substantially.
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I call the attention of Senators also to the fact that since we must judge the future by the past, they would do well to observe that 10 Senators who were against this reform did not return on the 4th of March last-to wit, Aldrich, Bulkeley, Elkins, Burrows, Depew, Dick, Flint, Hale, Kean, Scott-and that nearly every Senator who has shown his lack of sympathy with popular government recently has been defeated by the people as far as the people have been able to express themselves in choosing the successors of such Senators.
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It is well enough to consider what the people of this country think; public opinion ought not to be disregarded by Senators who care to prolong their usefulness as public servants.
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The vote on the Sutherland amendment was as follows:
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Yeas—Beveridge, Bradley, Brandegee, Briggs, Bulkeley, Burkett, Burnham, Burrows, Burton, Carter, Clark of Wyoming, Clarke of Arkansas, Crane Crawford, Cullom, Curtis, Depew, Dick, Dillingham, Dixon, du Pont, Flint, Frye, Gallinger, Gamble, Guggenheim, Hale, Heyburn, Jones, Kean, Lodge, Lorimer, Mccumber, Nelson, Nixon, Oliver Page, Penrose, Perkins, Piles, Richardson. Root, Scott, Smith of Michigan, Smoot, Stephenson, Sutherland, Warner, Wetmore, and Young-50.
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Nays-Bacon, Bailey, Bankhead, Borah Bourne, Bristow, Brown, Chamberlain, Clapp, Culberson, Cummins, Davis, Fletcher, Foster, Frazier, Gore, Gronna, .Johnston, La Follette, Martin, Newlands, Overman, Owen, Paynter, Percy, Rayner, Shively, Simmons, Smith of Maryland, Smith of South Carolina, Stone, Swanson, Taliaferro, Taylor, Thornton, Tillman, and Watson-37. •
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- Nays-Bacon, The scans read: “Nays tacon,” (microfilm scan), “Nays-Bacon,” (main scan)
- Watson-37. Only one scan has this word: “Watson-37.” (main scan)
Not voting-Aldrich, Money, Terrell, and Warren—4.
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So Mr. SUTHERLAND'S amendment was agreed to.
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Vote · on the Borah resolution was as follows:
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Yeas: Bailey Beveridge, Borah, Bourne, Bradley, Briggs, Bristow, Brown, Burkett, Burton, Carter, Chamberlain, Clapp, Clark of Wyoming, Clarke of Arkansas, Culberson, Cullom, Cummins, Curtis, Davis, Dixon, du Pont, Frye. Gamble, Gore, Gronna, Guggenheim, Jones, La Follette, Mccumber, Martin, Nelson Newlands, Nixon, Overman, Owen, Paynter, Perkins, Piles, Rayner, Shively, Simmons, Smith of Maryland, Smith of Michigan, Smith of South Carolina, Stephen so n, Stone, Sutherland, Swanson, Taylor, Thornton, Warner, Watson, Young-54.
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- Stephen so The scans read: “Stephenson,” (microfilm scan), “Stephen so” (main scan)
- Young-54. The scans read: “Young—j54” (microfilm scan), “Young-54.” (main scan)
Nays: Bacon, Bankhead Brandegee, Bulkeley, Burnham, Burrows, Crane, Depew, Dick, Dillingham, Fletcher, Flint, Foster, Gallinger, Hale, Heyburn, Johnston, Kean, Lodge, Lorimer, Money, Oliver, Page, Penrose, Percy, Richardson, Root, Scott, Smoot, Taliaferro, Tillman, Warren, Wetmore--33.
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Not voting: Aldrich, Crawford, Frazier, Terrell-4.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Upon this question the yeas are 54, the nays are 33. Two-thirds not having voted therefor, the nays have it, and the joint resolution is not passed.
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It will be seen that there were 22 Senators who voted for the Sutherland amendment to give Federal control of "time, place, and manner of electing " and then voted against the Borah amendment to _ allow the people the right of directly electing Senators at all, as follows:
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- _ Only one scan has this word: “_” (main scan)
Senator BRANDEGEE, Senator Bulkeley · (retired), Senator Senator Burrows (retired), Senator CRANE, Senator Depew (retired), Senator Dick (retired), Senator DILLINGHAM, Senator Flint (retired), Senator GALLINGER, Senator Hale (retired), Senator HEYBURN, Senator Kean (retired), Senator LODGE, Senator Lorimer, Senator PAGE, Senator PENROSE, Senator RICHARDSON, Senator RooT, Senator Scott (retired), Senator SMOOT, and Senator WETMORE.
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The people of this country are not willing to continue to permit big businesses to run the Senate nor this Government. Upon this issue the Republicans lost Maine, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Indiana, and very nearly lost Pennsylvania in the last election, and will lose it in the next election, and they - will deserve to lose it unless they reform. If they claim to reform, the people will do well to consider the sincerity of their repentance.
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Mr. President, at this late hour I do not care to discuss this matter further. I only want to put in the RECORD the fact that the day of machine politics in control of this country is about ended. I glory in the insurgent Republicans and in what they stand for in reestablishing honest government. I stand with them in their declared purpose to purge this · country of corrupt practices through the initiative and referendum, through the recall, the publicity system, the preferential voting for presidential nominations, and through the Oregon system of government, with its pe9ple's-rule method, of which every Senator should take note and to which every Senator should give his prayerful and earnest attention.
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- pe9ple's-rule The scans read: “people’s-rule” (microfilm scan), “pe9ple's-rule” (main scan)
l\Ir. BRISTOW. Mr. President--
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- l\Ir. Only one scan has this word: “l\Ir.” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma yield to the Senator from Kansas?
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Mr. OWEN. I yield to the Senator from Kansas.
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Mr. BRISTOW. I should like to call the attention of the Senator from Oklahoma to a joint resolution which he himself introduced on July 7, 1909 , where he sought to change the Constitution. I will read article 16 from the amendment which the Senator introduced. It is as follows:
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ART. 16. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the electors thereof for six years, and each Senator shall have one vote.
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That is exactly the language of section 3 of Article I of the Constitution as it is now written, except that, instead of " chosen by the electors ther eo f," the Constitution says: "Chosen by the legislature thereof." The Senator, when he introduced that joint resolution, never made any attempt whatever to change section 4 of Article I.
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- ther eo The scans read: “thereof,”” (microfilm scan), “ther eo” (main scan)
- I. The scans read: “L.” (microfilm scan), “I.” (main scan)
2 connections
- quotes Article I, Section 3, Clause 1 (suggested)
- cites Article I, Section 4 (suggested)
Mr. OWEN. Mr. President, I can easily dispose of the suggestion offered by the Senator from Kansas. The Senator from Oklahoma knows more now than be did when he first entered this Chamber, and while he introduced the proposed amendment to the Constitution in 1908 and in 1909 in a form least objectionable to the majority party in control of the Senate, he prefers the Borah amendment for the reasons stated. The Senator from Oklahoma accomplished all he could do by " arousing the attention of the country and exciting the leaders of the majority party to offer the amendment in such a form that it might pass.
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- be The scans read: “he” (microfilm scan), “be” (main scan)
- he The scans read: “be” (microfilm scan), “he” (main scan)
- " The scans read: “arons-” (microfilm scan), “"” (main scan)
- arousing The scans read: “ing” (microfilm scan), “arousing” (main scan)
The Senator from Oklahoma is gratified to have the Senator from Idaho and the Senator from Kansas to vie with each other in promoting the direct election of Senators by the people. This reform was asleep until Oklahoma entered the Union and gave it new life and -vitality. Oklahoma is entitled to the credit of this reform, but is glad M pass the bay leaves to Idaho and Kansas.
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1922). View the page image
- M The scans read: “to” (microfilm scan), “M” (main scan)
Mr. ORA WFORD. Mr. President--
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma yield to the Senator from South Dakota?
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Mr. OWEN. With pleasure.
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l\Ir. ORA WFORD. I should like to know if the Senator . from Oklahoma knows of any good reason why there should be a difference in section 4 of Article I, if we amend it, as to the · manner of supervising the election of Representatives and the manner of supervising the election of United States Senators, or is the Senator from Oklahoma in favor of doing away entirely with section 4 of Article I, leaving the election of Repre sentatives, as well as the election of Senators, entirely to the people of the respective States?
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1922). View the page image
- l\Ir. Only one scan has this word: “l\Ir.” (main scan)
- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
1 connection
- cites Article I, Section 4, Clause 1 (suggested)
Mr. OWEN. Absolutely none.
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Mr. ORA WFORD. I am glad to know that that is the Senator's position.
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
Mr. OWEN. And moreover, Mr. President--
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Mr. CRAWFORD. Do I understand that that is the position of those who are in favor of the amendment as proposed and reported from the committee; that is, that in principle they favor the withdrawal of the right of supervisory control on the part of the Federal Government over the election not only of Senators, after this change is made, but also over the election of Representatives?
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- those The scans read: “these” (microfilm scan), “those” (main scan)
Mr. OWEN. Speaking for myself alone, Mr. President, I favor the direct election by the people of Senators and of Members of the House of Representatives, and of postmasters, free from Federal control. [Laughter and manifestations of applause in the galleries.] I am in favor of every post office in the United States-
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Visitors in the galleries must refrain from making any manifestations of approval or disap· prov al. .
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- prov al. The scans read: “preval.” (microfilm scan), “prov al.” (main scan)
Mr. ORA WFORD. Will the Senator permit me to interrupt him further? · · Mr. OWEN. Just a moment. The Senator from South Dakota wants to know my view, and I am glad to give it to him, and I speak for myself alone. I am in favor of every post office, through its patrons, nominating its postmaster, with the :r;ight of recall, subject to . a reasonable civil-s~rvice act.
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
- civil-s~rvice The scans read: “civil-service” (microfilm scan), “civil-s~rvice” (main scan)
Mr. ORA WFORD. That is quite another question.
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD,” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
Mr. OWEN. It goes to the root of this whole question, to the control of the governing function by the people of this country and bringing the government just as close home as possible. I am in favor of every municipality and village writing its own charter and conducting its own business without any meddlesome interference by any legislature, where corruption is often rampant, and where they make professional political profit out of cities and the city -values in the States, as every man connected with this Senate knows full well; and I could call Senators as witnesses to this truth on this floor by the score. Why should the Legislature of New York State deny selfgover~ment to Buffalo, to New York City, to Albany, Syracuse, or Utica? Why should any State legislature deny home rule to the cities of the State, or be permitted to levy blackmail on municipalities that must come cap in hand humbly to pray for relief against Pinch bills or to plead for the right to improve their own cities in their own way?
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- selfgover~ment The scans read: “se government” (microfilm scan), “selfgover~ment” (main scan)
- Syracuse, The scans read: “Syracu” (microfilm scan), “Syracuse,” (main scan)
Mr. ORA WFORD. Will the Senator permit me to interrupt him further?
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma yield to the Senator from South Dakota.?
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l\Ir. OWEN. With plea.sure.
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- l\Ir. Only one scan has this word: “l\Ir.” (main scan)
Mr. ORA WFORD. Mr. President, I had no intention of di· verting the Senator from Oklahoma into a discussion of the selection of postmasters.
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- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
Mr. OWEN. The Senator from South Dakota has not diverted the Senator from Oklahoma. The principle of placing power in the hands of the people to elect Congressmen, Senators, postmasters, and to govern themselves locally by home rule of cities is the same thing in its essence. It is democracy in its true sense. ·
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Mr. ORA WFORD. I wanted to find out what was the position of the Senator and those who are standing · with him. It seemed to me that in order to make this amendment what it should be, to express the wish of the Senator from Oklahoma and those standing with him, it ought to go back to the Judi . ciary Committee, and come back here as a proposal to entirely repeal section 4 of Article I of the Constitution and have the J I election of Representatives, together with the election of Senators, a matter entirely under the control of the States. Why should we garble it in such a way as to have one rule apply to the election of Senators by the people while the power of supervisory control is given up as to Senators and retained as to Representatives?
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1922). View the page image
- ORA WFORD. The scans read: “CRAWFORD.” (microfilm scan), “ORA WFORD.” (main scan)
- it The scans read: “i!” (microfilm scan), “it” (main scan)
- Judi The scans read: “Jud” (microfilm scan), “Judi” (main scan)
- entirely The scans read: “entire);” (microfilm scan), “entirely” (main scan)
- as The scans read: “is” (microfilm scan), “as” (main scan)
1 connection
- cites Article I, Section 4, Clause 1 (suggested)
Mr. OWEN. Mr. President, there is some logical - force in the contention of the Senator from South Dakota; but the Senator from Oklahoma speaks for himself alone; he does not presume to speak for any of his colleagues. He is speaking as an individual, expressing his sincere view with regard to this matter, expressing his belief that the sooner this country offsets the unavoidable tendency to centralization by as gref}t a measure of decentralization as is practical and sensible we shall give added strength and stability to this Republic. I therefore believe in doing away with machine government, in ending the undue power of -veto in the minority, and in trusting the people with their local · matters, just as we trust the citizen with the management of his own house. That is what I believe; and, believing it, I am glad of an opportunity to say it. I believe in both centralization and in decentralization. Centralization gives power and efficiency to the national energies, but decentralization by the fullest measure of home rule gives contentment and efficiency 'in local management and assures stability and peace among the people, who are better satisfied when they manage their own local affairs free from centralized interference.
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- country The scans read: “count!)” (microfilm scan), “country” (main scan)
- gref}t The scans read: “grea” (microfilm scan), “gref}t” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the amendment offered by the Senator from Georgia [Mr. BA.CON] to the substitute offered by the Senator from Kansas [Mr. BRISTOW].
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Mr. BACON. l\Ir. President, with the permission of the Senate, I will withdraw my amendment. I offered it hoping that it might be the ground upon which differing opinions might meet, but I do not believe it will simplify the situation; so I will withdraw it in order that the vote may be taken directly upon the Bristow amendment.
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- l\Ir. Only one scan has this word: “l\Ir.” (main scan)
- simplify Only one scan has this word: “simplify” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the amendment proposed by the Senator from Georgia will be withdrawn. The question then is on the substitute offered by the Senator from Kansas [Mr. BRISTOW] to the joint resolution reported by the Senator from Idaho [Mr. BoBAH].
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- BoBAH]. Only one scan has this word: “BoBAH].” (main scan)
Mr. BORAH. I ask for the yeas and nays.
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The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded to call the roll.
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Mr. DILLINGHAM (when his name was called). On this question I a~ paired ~ith the senior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. TILLMAN]. If he were present, I should -vote "yea."
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- a~ Only one scan has this word: “a~” (main scan)
- ~ith Only one scan has this word: “~ith” (main scan)
The roll call having been concluded, it resulted-yeas nays 44, as follows :
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- resulted-yeas Only one scan has this word: “resulted-yeas” (main scan)
- 44, Only one scan has this word: “44,” (main scan)
YEAS-44.
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- YEAS-44. Only one scan has this word: “YEAS-44.” (main scan)
Bourne Crane Jones Penrose Dradley Crawford Kenyon Perkins Brandegee Cullom Lippitt Richardson Briggs Cummins Lodge Root Bristow Curtis Lorimer Smith, Mich. Brown Dixon Mccumber Smoot Burnham du Pont McLean Stephenson Burton Gallinger Nelson Sutherland Clapp Gamble Nixon Townsend Clark, Wyo. Guggenheim Oliver Warren Clarke, Ark. Heyburn Page Wetmore
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- Dradley Only one scan has this word: “Dradley” (main scan)
- Clark, Only one scan has this word: “Clark,” (main scan)
NAYS-44.
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Bacon Gore New lands Simmons Bailey Gronna O'Gorman Smith, Md. Bankhead Hitchcock Overman Smith, S. C. Borah Johnson, Me. Owen Stone Bryan Johnston, Ala. Paynter Swanson Chamberlain Kern Percy Taylor Chilton La Follette Poindexter Terrell Culberson Lea Pomerene Thornton Davis Martin, Va. Rayner Watson Fletcher Martine, N. J. Reed Williams Foster Myers Shively Works
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NOT VOTING-3.
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Dillingham Frye Tillman
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The VICE PRESIDENT. On this vote the yeas are 44 and the nays are 44. The Chair votes in the affirmative. The yeas have it, and the amendment is agreed to. The question now is on agreeing to the joint resolution as amended.
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Mr. BORAH. On that question I call for the yeas and nays. The yeas and nays were ordered.
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Mr. WARREN. Mr. President, just a word before we proceed to vote upon the final passage of the joint resolution. I do not expect at this late hour to make any extended comment upon the resolution upon which we are to vote to-day. Its merits and demerits have been discussed so often and so fully that further debate at this time could add nothing to the public knowledge of the question and would have no weight or influence in changing the action which will be taken in this body to-day.
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I voted against the measure on a former occasion because I believed it would not bring about a better condition of affairs. I believe that now; but I am convinced that a large majority of the people in a large number of the States desire the opportunity to vote upon this amendment; and realizing that the people must and should rule in the end I propose to vote for this measure and give the people an opportunity to vote upon the proposed change. constitutional amendment in the usual way, through their legislative bodies. .
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For myself, I am not convinced that the change in the Constitution of the United States proposed by this resolution would benefit the people of this country or their institutions. Nor am I at all sure that the necessary number of the States of the Union will favor the measure. And in this connection I would call attention to the action of the Republican national convention in 1908 in Chicago, where a resolution favoring the proposed change in the Constitution was rejected by a vote of 866 against it to 114 for it,
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The method of electing Members of the United States Senate was not hastily determined upon. On the contrary, it was adopted after long deliberation and debate and after considering also the plan which is proposed by the pending resolution. Very briefly I . refer to this historical phase of the question. After long discussion the plans for electing Senators narrowed down to four: First, they were to be selected by the House of Representatives; second, by the President of the United States; third, by the direct vote of the people; fourth, by the State legislatures. It was contended that the first plan would make the Senate a dependency; the second would be a step in the direction of a monarchy ; the third would lead to confusion and to clashes between the farming and manufacturing or commercial interests ; the fourth method was unanimously supported by the members of the convention and was finally adopted when the question of the number of Senators to represent each State was settled.
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This settlement was effected by the States of larger population surrendering what they considered their right of .proportionate representation in the Senate and giving all the States equal representation.
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Here, I might ask, if Senators are to represent the people directly, and not the sovereign States, how long will the populous Eastern States like New York, Pennsylvania, or Ohio, be content to exercise no more power in the Senate than the sparsely settled Western States like Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, and others, notwithstanding the original compact.
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If there were time countless quotations of approval from recognized great masters of political economy could be given for the plan of State legislative selection of United States Senators. I mention but a few of the many:
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Mr. Bryce, in his "American Commonwealth," writes:
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The American plan, which is older than any of those in use in the European Continent, is also better, because it is not only simple, but natural, i. e., grounded on and consonant with the political conditions of America.
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James Madison said, in advocacy of the present method:
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When we come to the Senate, its Members are elected by the States in their equal and political capacity; but had the Government been completely consolidated, the Senate would have been chosen by the people in their individual capacity in the same manner as the Members of the House. Thus it is of a complicated nature, and this complication, I trust, will be found to exclude the evils of absolute consolidation, as well as of a mere confederacy.
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Alexander Hamilton, in the Federalist, wrote :
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Through the medium of the State legislatures, which are to appoint the members of the National Senate, there is reason to expect that this branch will be generally composed with peculiar care and judgment; that these circumstances promise greater knowledge and more extensive information in the national councils, and that they will be less apt to be tainted by the spirit of faction and more out of reach of those occasional Ul humors or temporary prejudices and propensities which in smaller societies frequently contaminate the public councils, beget injustice and oppression of a part of the community, and engender schemes, which, though they gratify a momentary inclination ar desire, terminate In general distress, dissatisfaction, and disgust.
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- ar The scans read: “or” (microfilm scan), “ar” (main scan)
The late Senator Hoar, in one of his great arguments on the question, said :
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Our fathers were profound students of history. They found that no republic although there had been many examples, ever lasted long without' a Senate. The term Senate implied to their minds, as to ours a body of men of mature age and of a tenure of office which was removed from all temptation of being affected by temporary currents of public sentiment. The word Senate is a misnomer . when applied to any legislative body of whom these things are not true.
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The plan proposed by the pending resolution proposes, in effect, to deprive the Republic of a Senate.
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Senator Hoar also said :
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I am convinced that the provision of the Constitution framed by the makers of that great Instrument by which the popular will was to be expressed through the representatives of the people In the legislature has been eminently successful in its results, has preserved the rights of the States as such, and has protected their equality and their integrity a well as their powers of local self-government, which are so essential to the maintenance of government by and for the people.
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1 connection
- cites Article I, Section 3, Clause 1 (suggested)
Mr. President, the testimony of the great students and thinkers has indorsed the plan of the creation of the Senate framed by the makers of our Federal Constitution, and in my belief an impartial analysis of its results shows no necessity for a But in a republic in which the powers of the government are derived from the people, it is not for us to say that the people shall not have an opportunity to change this plan if, after calm deliberation, they so decide.
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I believe that this Senate is convinced that election of the Senate by direct vote would not be for the best interests of the people of the United States or tend to perpetuate the tried institutions of our Government. ·
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But, on the other hand, . the Senate, I believe, does not arrogate to itself omniscience. Higher than its own views it holds the right of the people to express their views upon all questions affecting their welfare. The people of my own State have expressed in the past through their State legislature a desire to vote on this question. This expression was not a recent one, the present legislature which has held a session during the present year having taken no final action upon a resolution favoring the proposed · change.
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- omniscience. Only one scan has this word: “omniscience.” (main scan)
I believe if given an opportunity to vote, and when acting with the responsibility a vote brings, the people of my State will decide this question with intelligence and wisdom and in the line of patriotism and in what they honestly believe will make for the best interests and perpetuity of the Government. Therefore on this question I propose to vote for the resolution with the sole purpose of giving the people of my State and of the Nation an opportunity to record their wishes for or against changing the Constitution.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will call the roll. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. ·
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Mr. DILLINGHAM (when his name was called). I have a general pair with the senior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. TILLMAN]. I am advised by him that he would vote against this · proposition if he were present, and as it is my purpose to vote the same way, I will take the liberty of voting. I vote "nay."
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Mr. OVERMAN (when his name was called). On this vote I am paired with the senior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. TILLMAN]. If he were present, he would vote " nay " and I should vote " yea."
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~Ir. BACON (when .Mr. TILLMAN'S name was called). I have been authorized by the Senator from South Carolina [Mr. MAN] to pair him in the negative on this vote if the Bristow amendment should be adopted. If the Bristow amendment were defeated, he instructed me to have his pair announced in favor of the adoption of the joint resolution; but, with the Bristow amendment adopted, I am instructed by him to announce a pair against it. I therefore announce that if he were present the Sena.tor from South Carolina would vote '-'nay," and th a t on this vote he is paired with the Senator from . North Carolina [Mr. OVERMAN] and the Senator from Maine [Mr. Senate. l!"'BYE], who would vote in the affirmative if present.
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1923–1924). View the page image
- ~Ir. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “~Ir.” (main scan)
- th a The scans read: “that” (microfilm scan), “th a” (main scan)
- l!"'BYE], The scans read: “Frye],” (microfilm scan), “l!"'BYE],” (main scan)
I also desire to state while I am on the floor that I 'Voted the Senate. on the Bristow amendment, although paired with the Senator from :Maine [Mr. FRYE], because I had his authority so to do.
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The roll call having been concluded, the result was announced-yeas 64, nays 24, as follows :
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YElAS-64.
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- YElAS-64. The scans read: “YEAS—64.” (microfilm scan), “YElAS-64.” (main scan)
Bailey Cullom Lea Reed Borah Cummins Mccumber Shively Bo u rne Curtis McLean Simmons B ra dley Davis Martin, Va. Smith, Md. Briggs (l'•Y S Dixon Martine, N. J. Smith, Mich. Bri st ow du Pont Myers Smith, S.C. Brown Gamble Nelson Stephenson Br y an Gore New lands Stone Bu rt on Gronna Nixon Suth e rlrutd Chamberlain Guggenheim O ' Gorman Swanson Chilton Hitchcock Ow e n Taylor Cla p p Johnson, Me. Paynter Thornton · Clark , Wyo. Jones Perkins Townsend Clarke, , Ark. Kenyon Poindexter Warren Crawford Kern Pomerene Watson Cu lbe rson La Follette Rayner Works.
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1924). View the page image
- u rne The scans read: “Bourne” (microfilm scan), “u rne” (main scan)
- ra dley The scans read: “Bradley” (microfilm scan), “ra dley” (main scan)
- (l'•Y Only one scan has this word: “(l'•Y” (main scan)
- Bri st The scans read: “Sristow” (microfilm scan), “Bri st” (main scan)
- ow Only one scan has this word: “ow” (main scan)
- S.C. The scans read: “Cc.” (microfilm scan), “S.C.” (main scan)
- Br y The scans read: “Bryan” (microfilm scan), “Br y” (main scan)
- Bu Only one scan has this word: “Bu” (main scan)
- rt on The scans read: “jurton” (microfilm scan), “rt on” (main scan)
- Suth e The scans read: “Sutherland” (microfilm scan), “Suth e” (main scan)
- rlrutd Only one scan has this word: “rlrutd” (main scan)
- Gorman The scans read: “O'Gorman” (microfilm scan), “Gorman” (main scan)
- Cla p The scans read: “Clapp” (microfilm scan), “Cla p” (main scan)
- Cu Only one scan has this word: “Cu” (main scan)
- lbe rson The scans read: “Culberson” (microfilm scan), “lbe rson” (main scan)
NAYS—24.
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Bacon Fletcher Lodge Richardson Bankhead Foster Lorimer Root Brandeg e e Gallinger Oliver Smoot Bu rn ham Heyburn Page Terrell Crane Johnston, Ala. Penrose Wetmore Dillingham Lippitt Percy Williams
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- Brandeg e The scans read: “Brandegee” (microfilm scan), “Brandeg e” (main scan)
- Bu Only one scan has this word: “Bu” (main scan)
- rn ham The scans read: “Burnham” (microfilm scan), “rn ham” (main scan)
NOT VOTING-3.
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Frye Overman Tillman
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Two-thirds of the Senators present ha v ing voted in favor thereof, the joint resolution as amended is passed.
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- ha Only one scan has this word: “ha” (main scan)
- v ing The scans read: “having” (microfilm scan), “v ing” (main scan)
Ur. REED. Mr. President, with all due respect to the President, I do not desire that the Senate adjourn without registering my protest against the President having cast the deciding vote upon the Bristow amendment. I have not had time to examine the question, but I think there is. very serious doubt Bacon about the right of the President to cast the deciding vote in a matter . of this kind, and I desire to register my protest at this time.
Read from OCR scans of the printed page (p. 1924). View the page image
- Ur. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “Ur.” (main scan)
- not The scans read: “net” (microfilm scan), “not” (main scan)
Mr. GALLINGER. I think, Mr. President, when the Senator from Missouri does examine the matter he will be satisfied that Culberson the Chair acted within his constitutional rights.
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I move that the Senate adjourn.
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Mr. BACON. Mr. President-
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The VICE PRESIDENT. Will the Senator from New ' Hampshire withhold his motion for a moment?
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- ' The scans read: “Hamp-” (microfilm scan), “'” (main scan)
Mr. GALLINGER. Yes.
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Mr. BACON. I make the point of order that the matter has not been disposed of. What we llllve done was in the Senate as in Committee of the Whole. There has been no action upon this measure in the Senate. The Chair will remember--
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- llllve The scans read: “have” (microfilm scan), “llllve” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Literally speaking, the Senator Clark, Wyo. from Georgia is right.
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- Clark, Only one scan has this word: “Clark,” (main scan)
1\Ir. GALLINGER. I think he is.
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- 1\Ir. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “1\Ir.” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Literally speaking, the Senator from Georgia is right. The joint resolution will be rePorted to the Senate.
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The joint resolution was reported to the Senate as amended.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on concurring in the amendment made as in Committee of the Whole.
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Mr. BACON. I desire to reserve the right to offer an amendment to the amendment offered by the Senator from Kansas [Mr. BRISTOW] before the question is put as to agreeing to the amendment which was adopted a.s in Committee of the Whole. At the proper time I shall offer the amendment.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution is in the Sena.te and open to amendment.
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Mr. BACON. I now offer the amendment which I previously offered in Committee of the Whole, but which I withdrew. I now offer it as an amendment to the amendment offered by the Senator from Kansas.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Georgia offers Mr. DILLINGHAM the following amendment to the substitute of the Senator from Kansas, which the Secretary will report.
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The SECRETARY. On page 2 of the substitute, after line 2, insert the following words--
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Mr. LODGE. A parliamentary inquiry. I thought what was reported to the Senate was the joint resolution as amended in Committee of the Whole.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. That is correct.
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l\1r. LODGE. Therefore the amendment of the Senator from Kansas is now the joint resolution and is pending in the Senate.
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- l\1r. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “l\1r.” (main scan)
Mr. BACON. Not at all. The whole thing is before the
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The VICE PRESIDENT. It is still open to amendment in
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Mr. LODGE. It is still open to amendment in the Senate, un. q uestiona bly.
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- q Only one scan has this word: “q” (main scan)
- uestiona bly. The scans read: “questionably.” (microfilm scan), “uestiona bly.” (main scan)
The SECRETARY. On page 2 of the substitute, after line 2, insert the following words :
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The time s , places, and manner of holding elections for S e nators shall be as prescribed in each Stat e by the legislature thereof; but the Congress may make such regulations in any State whenever the legislature thereof shall neglect or refuse to make such regulations, or from any circumstances be incapable of making the same.
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- e nators The scans read: “Senators” (microfilm scan), “e nators” (main scan)
Mr. BACON. I desire again to say that that amendment offered by me is in the identical language of the utterance of the New York convention in adopting the Constitution, stating that that should be the limit of the power to be ex e rcised by Congress.
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- e rcised The scans read: “exercised” (microfilm scan), “e rcised” (main scan)
The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the amendment.
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Mr. B A CON. I ask for the yeas and nays.
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- A CON. The scans read: “BACON.” (microfilm scan), “A CON.” (main scan)
The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded to call the roll
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Mr. BACON (when Mr. Tn.LMAN's name was called). I have a. general pair with the senior Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE]. The Senator from Vermont [Mr. DILLINGHAM] l:t.as a pair with the senior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. TILLMAN]. With his consent I transfer those pairs and each of us will be a lowed to vote. I have alre a dy voted, and the Senator from Vermont under that arrangement will also be at liberty ta vote.
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- Tn.LMAN's The scans read: “TrLEMAN’s” (microfilm scan), “Tn.LMAN's” (main scan)
- l:t.as The scans read: “has” (microfilm scan), “l:t.as” (main scan)
- alre a The scans read: “already” (microfilm scan), “alre a” (main scan)
- dy Only one scan has this word: “dy” (main scan)
- ta The scans read: “te” (microfilm scan), “ta” (main scan)
The roll call was concluded. /
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- / Only one scan has this word: “/” (main scan)
Mr. DILLINGHAM. I transfer my pair with the senior Senator from South Carolina. [Mr. TrLLMAN] to the senior Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE], and vote. I · rnte "nay."
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- TrLLMAN] The scans read: “TirtMan]” (microfilm scan), “TrLLMAN]” (main scan)
- rnte Only one scan has this word: “rnte” (main scan)
The result was announced-yeas 43, nays 46, as follows:
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YEAS-43.
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Gore O'Gorman Smith, Md.
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Bailey Hitchcock Overman Smith, 3. C. Bankhead Johnson, Me. Ow e n Stone Borah Johnston, Ala. Paynter SWanson Bryan Kern Percy Taylor Chamberlain La Follette Poindexter 'l'erre.11 Chilton Lea Pomerene Thornton
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- 'l'erre.11 The scans read: “Terrell” (microfilm scan), “'l'erre.11” (main scan)
Martin, Va. Rayner Watson
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Davis Martine, N. J. Reed Williams Fletcher Myers Shively Wo.rk:s Foster Newlands Simmons
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NAYS-46.
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Bourne Crawford Jones Perkins Bradley Cullom Kenyon Richardson Brandegee Cummins Lippitt Root Briggs Curtis Lodge Smith, Mich. Bristow Dillingham Lorimer Smoot Brown Dixon McCumber Stephenson Burnham du Pont McLean Sutherland Burton Gallinger Nelson Townsend Clapp Gamble Ni.xon Wa.rNn
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- Wa.rNn Only one scan has this word: “Wa.rNn” (main scan)
Gronna Oliver Wetmore
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Clarke. Ark. Guggenheim Page Crane Heyburn Penrose
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NOT VOTING-2.
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Frye Tillman
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So Mr. BACON'S amendment was rejected.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The question recurs on concurring m the amendment made a.s in Committee of the Whole.
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The amendment was concurred in.
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The amendment was ordered to be engrossed and the joint resolution t o be read a third time.
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The joint resolution was read the third time.
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The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is, Shall the joint resolution pass?
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- joint The scans read: “join” (microfilm scan), “joint” (main scan)
Mr. HEYBURN. On that I ask for the yeas and nays. I The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair thinks it necessary to Tacate the former order made on a misunderstanding. Without objection, that will be done.
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- Tacate The scans read: “vacate” (microfilm scan), “Tacate” (main scan)
The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded to call the roll. (when his name was called). Having been released from my pair with the senior Senator from South Carolina [l\Ir. TILLMAN], I will vote. I vote "nay.',
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- [l\Ir. The scans read: “[Mr.” (microfilm scan), “[l\Ir.” (main scan)
Mr. BACON (when Mr. FRYE'S name was called). I again announce, by authority of the Senator from Maine [l\fr. FRYE], his pair with the senior Senator from South Carolina [M.r. Truman], the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. OVERMAN] being the other Senator paired with the senior Senator from South Carolina, as already announced.
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- [l\fr. FRYE], The scans read: “Frvret},” (microfilm scan), “[l\fr. FRYE],” (main scan)
Ur. OVERMAN (when his name was called). On the final passage of the joint resolution as amended I am paired with June, 1911. the senior Senator from South Carolina [Mr. Tn.LMA..N]. If he were present, he would vote "nay," and I should vote The roll call having been concluded, resulted-yeas 64, nays 24, as follows: :
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- Ur. The scans read: “Mr.” (microfilm scan), “Ur.” (main scan)
- 1911. Only one scan has this word: “1911.” (main scan)
- Tn.LMA..N]. The scans read: “Troan].” (microfilm scan), “Tn.LMA..N].” (main scan)
YEAS-64.
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Bailey Cullom Lea Reed Borah Cummins McCumber Shively "Bourne Curtis McLean Simmons Bradley Davis Martin, Va. Smith, Md. Briggs Dixon Martine, N. J .. Smith, Mich. Bristow du Pont Myers Smith, S. C. Brown Gamble Nelson Stephenson Brynn Gore New lands Stone Burton Gronna Nixon Sutherland Chamberlain Guggenheim O'Gorman Swanson Chilton Hitchcock Owen Taylor Clapp Johnson, Me. Paynter Thornton Clark, Wyo. Jones Perkins Townsend Clarke, Ark. Kenyon Poindexter Warren Crawford Kern Pomerene Watson Culberson. La Follette Rayner Works
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- .. Only one scan has this word: “..” (main scan)
- Brynn Only one scan has this word: “Brynn” (main scan)
NAYS-24.
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Bacon Fletcher Lodge Richardson Bankhead Foster Lorimer Root Brandegee Gallinger Oliver Smoot Burnham Heyburn Page Terrell Crane Johnston, Ala. Penrose Wetmore Dillingham Lippitt Percy Williams
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NOT VOTING-3.
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Frye Overman Tillman
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The VICE PRESIDENT. On the final passage of the joint resolution a.s amended the yeas are 64, the nays are 24. Twothirds having voted in favor thereof, the joint resolution is passed. \ Mr. GALLINGER. I move that the Senate adjourn.
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- \ Only one scan has this word: “\” (main scan)
The motion wa.s agreed - to, and (at 10 o'clock and 2 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Tuesday, June Accounts. 13, 1911, at 2 o'clock p. m.
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- 13, Only one scan has this word: “13,” (main scan)